Physicochemical characteristics of Bulgarian bee honey: Part 1
Keywords:
honey, physicochemical parameters, statistically significant differencesAbstract
The present study investigates 59 representative samples of monofloral honey (Аcacia 12 pcs., Coriander 12 pcs., Limetree 12 pcs., Rapeseed 11 pcs., Sunflower 12 pcs.) and 30 samples of multifloral honey, crop 2019, from various apiaries on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. The changes in the following physicochemical parameters (Active acidity (pH); Electrical conductivity, μS/sm; Water content, %; Refractive index; Fructose + Glucose (F+G) content, %) have been studied. The obtained average values of the above parameters conform to the requirements of Council Directive 2001/110/EC relating to honey and Regulation on requirements to bee honey intended for human consumption. Statistically significant differences have been observed between the physicochemical parameters of monofloral and multifloral honey. The values of the coefficients of determination (R2) show that 77.8% of the variations in the variable for the parameter (pH) and from 22.4 – 36.5% in the other studied parameters are due to the effect of the type of honey.
References
Abu-Tarboush, H. M., Al-Kahtani, H. A. & El-Sarrage, M. S. (1993). Floral-type identificationand quality evaluation of some honey types. Food Chemistry, 46, 13–17.
Akhtar, S., Ali, J., Javed, B., Hassan, S., Abbas, S. & Siddique, M. (2014). Comparative physiochemical analysis of imported and locally produced Khyber Pakhtunkhwa honey. Global J. Biotechnol. Biochem., 9(3), 55–59.
Beckh, G., Wessel, P. & Lüllmann, C. (2004). Naturliche bestandteile des honigs: Hefen und deren stoffwechselprodukte – Teil 2: Der wassergehalt und die wasseraktivität als qualitätsparameter mit bezug zum hefewachstum. Helt, 1, 14-17.
Bogdanov, S. (2009). Physical properties of honey. In: Book of honey, Chapter 4. Bee product science, 1-8.
Bogdanov, S., Kilchenmann, V., Fluri, P., Bühler, U. & Lavanchy, P. (1998). Influence of organic acids and components ofessential oils on honey taste. American Bee Journal, 139, 61-63.
Bogdanov, S., Lüllman, C., Martin, P., Ohe, W., Russmann, H., Vorwohl, G., Oddo, L., Sabatini, A., Marcazzan, G., Piro, R., Flamini, C., Morlot, M., Lhéritier, J., Borneck, R., Marioleas, P., Tsigouri, A., Kerkvliet, J., Ortiz, A., Ivanov, Tz., & D’Arcy, B. (1999). Honey quality and international regulatory standards. Review of the work of the International Honey Commission. Mitt. Gebiete Lebensm. Hyg., 90, 108-125.
Bogdanov, S., Martin, P., Lullmann, C., Borneck, R., Flamini, C., Morlot, M., Heretier, J., Vorwohl, G., Russmann, H., Persano-Oddo, L., Sabatini, A. G., Marcazzan, G. L., Marioleas,
P., Tsigouri, K., Kerkvliet, J., Ortiz, A. & Ivanov, T. (1997). Harmonised methods of the European honey commission. Apidologie, 1–59 (extra issue).
Bogdanov, S., Rieder, K. & Rüegg, M. (1987). Neue Qualitätskriterien bei Honiguntersuchungen. Apidologie, 18, 267-278.
Bogdanov, S., Rouff, K. & Oddo, L. P. (2004). Physico-chemical methods for the characterization of unifloral honey: a review. Apidologie, 35(4), 275–282.
Buba, F., Gidado, A. & Shugaba, A. (2013). Analysis of biochemical composition of honey samples from North-East Nigeria. Biochem. Anal. Biochem,, 2(3), 139.
Bulgarian State Standard (BSS) 3050-80. (1980). Bee Honey. Rules for Sample Taking and Testing Methods (Bg).
Council Directive 2001/110/EC of 20 December 2001 relating to honey (Annex 1, Annex 2). (2002). Official Journal of the European Communities, 9(10), 47-52.
Da Costa Leite, J. M., Trugo, L. C., Costa, L. S. M., Quinteiro, L.M.C., Barth, O. M. & Dutra, V. M. L. (2000). Determination of oligosaccharides in Brazilian honeys of different botanical origin. Food Chem., 70, 93–98.
EL-Metwally, A. A. E. (2015). Factors affecting the physical and chemical characteristics of Egyptian bee honey. Ph. D. Thesis, Fac. Agric. Cairo Univ., 320.
Golob, T. & Plestenjak, A. (1999). Quality of Slovene honey. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 37, 195-201.
Ivanov, Ts. (2006). Bee products. Handbook on Beekeeping, 1, 8 (Bg).
Jasim, A., Prabhu, S. T., Raghavan, G. S. V. & Ngadi, M. (2007). Physico-chemical, rheological, calorimetric and dielectric behavior of selected Indian honey. Journal of Food
Engineering, 79, 1207–1213.
Kaškonienė, V., Venskutonis, P. R. & Ceksterytè, V. (2010). Carbohydrate composition and electrical conductivity of different origin honeys from Lithuania. Food Science and Technology, 43(5), 801–807.
Kivrak, S., Kivrak, I. & Karababa, E. (2017). Characterization of Turkish honeys regarding of physicochemical properties, and their adulteration analysis. Food Sci. Technol., 37(1), 80-89.
Krishnan, R., Mohammed, T., Kumar, G. & Arunima, S. (2021). Honey crystallization: Mechanism, evaluation and application. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 10(5), 222-231.
Manikis, I. & Thrasivoulou, A. (2001). Relation of physicochemical characteristics of honey and the crystallization sensitive parameters. Apiacta, 36, 106–112.
Qiu, P. Y., Ding, H. B., Tang, Y. K. & Xu, R. J. (1999). Determination of chemical composition of commercialhoney by near-infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2760-2765.
Rahman, M. M., Allan, R. & Azirun, M. S. (2010). Antibacterial activity of propolis and honey against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 4, 1872–1878.
Redtke, J. & Hadtke, C. (1998). Gehalt an Ameisensäure und freien Säuren im Honig nach Sommerbehandlungmit Ameisensäure. German Bee Research Institutes Seminar. Apidologie, 29, 404-405.
Regulation No. 48/2003 on the Procedure and Methods of Sample Taking and the Methods Used for Analysis of Bee Honey – SG, No. 103/25.11.2003 (Bg).
Regulation on the Requirements to Bee Honey Intended for Human Consumption – adopted by Decree of the Council of Ministers No. 196 of 2002, SG No. 85/05.09.2002 (Bg).
Sanjuan, E., Estupinan, S., Millan, R., Castelo, M., Penedo, J. C. & Cardona, A. (1997). Contribution to the evaluation and the water activityprediction of La Palma island honey. Journal of Food Quality, 20, 225-234.
Shkenderov, S. & Ivanov, Ts. (1983). Bee products. Zemizdat Publ. House, Sofia, 10-66 (Bg).
SPSS Statistics 17.0.0 WinWrap Basic, Copyright 1993-2007 Polar Engineering and Consulting.
Yilmaz, H. & Yavuz, Ö. (1999). Content of some trace metals in honey from Southeastern Anatolia. Food Chemistry, 65, 475-476.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
