SUGAR BEET RESPONSE TO BALANCED NITROGEN FERTILIZATION WITH PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM. PART II. DYNAMICS OF BEET QUALITY
Keywords:
sucrose concentration, α-amino nitrogen, potassium, sodium, sugar lossesAbstract
The key objective of the study was to evaluate the seasonal course of quality characteristics of storage root of sugar beet
to imbalanced fertilization. The field trial arranged as one-factorial design was consisted of eight treatments: N0P0K0; N0P1K1;
N1P0K1; N1P1K0; N1P0.25K0.25; N1P0.5K1; N1P1K1 and N1P1K1+Ca; where 1 is recommended level of NPK fertilization and Ca
means that phosphorus applied as partially acidulated phosphate rock, (PAPR ). The consecutive sampling of sugar beet was
conducted at following days after sowing: 92, 113, 134, 155 and 175. At each sampling date concentration of sucrose (SC ) and
molassigenic compounds such as α-amino-N, K and Na were determined. The course of SC during vegetation was best described
by the Tangh regression model. Based on it, the optimum day after sowing for the maximum SC concentration was
fixed at 172 and at 18.6%, respectively. Beet concentration of K showed a linear trend. The in-season courses of α-amino-N
and Na were highly specific, being optimal for the fully balanced treatment, i.e., N1P1K1. The in-season assessed relationships
between SC and α-amino N, and K underwent at 155 DAS a change from positive to negative. This period of sugar beet growth
can be, therefore, considered as the borderline between the phase sucrose accumulation sink build-up and its fill-up. The lowest
white (extractable) sugar concentration of 0.8% was noted for the N1P1K0 as compared to the N1P0.5K1 treatment. This dependency
implicitly indicates on importance of K current fertilizing for sucrose accumulation. The slightly lower effect of N1P1K1
treatment (-0.3%), indirectly indicates on non-suitable conditions for sugar beet growth, limiting sucrose accumulation in the
late-season. The main reason was drought in two of tree years of study, reducing the yield forming effect of P.
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