Effect of the method of plant protection on the yield, root development and formation of vegetation indices of faba bean canopy
Keywords:
Vicia faba L., organic plant protection, seed yield, yield components, parameters of the root system, LAI, NDVIAbstract
Field studies were carried out in 2006-2008 at the Experimental Station of Prusy, belonging to the University of Agriculture
in Kracow. The aim was to determine the yield, vegetation indices of above ground plant parts and characteristic of root
system in topsoil. The study covered two methods of plant protection; conventional (CPP – insecticides and fungicides) and
ecological (EPP – organic insecticides and fungicides) and two varieties of faba bean: Leo and Nadwiślański. Weather conditions
modified the seed yield. The highest yield was obtained in 2007 when the rainfall distribution was similar to the multiyear
distribution, while the lowest in 2008, with long-term drought from April to June. Conventional plant protection of faba
bean resulted in a seed yield increase of 72.6% comparing to the control, and EPP increased the yield by 26.1%. Nadwiślański
cultivar among the tested varieties had the higher yielding potential. The indices of root system (RLD , SRL , RD M and MD)
were not significantly dependent on the method of plant protection or cultivar. The declining tendencies for RLD , SRL , RD M
indices under the influence of chemicals application and increasing one for MD were noted. Leo cultivar was characterized by
higher RLD and SRL values in the 0-30 cm soil layer. The value of assimilation leaf area (LAI) depended on the research years
and development stage. Regardless of experimental factors, the greatest assimilation leaf area faba bean achieved between 12
June and 6 July. The method of plant protection had a significant impact on the development of this index only in 2008. After
reaching the maximum leaf area, faba bean protected in a conventionally way was characterized by a higher value of leaf area
index (LAI) comparing to control and ecological protection (EPP ).
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