CO2 EVOLUTION DURING SPRING WHEAT GROWTUNDER NO-TILL AND CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN THE NORTH AMERICAN GREAT PLAINS REGIONS
Keywords:
No-till, conventional tillage, CO2 flux, wheatAbstract
The soil surface CO2 flux is the second largest flux in the terrestrial carbon budget after photosynthesis. Plant
root and microbial respiration produce CO2 in soils, which are important components of the global C cycle. This
study determined the amount of CO2 released during spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth under no-till
(NT) and conventional tillage (CT) systems. This experiment was conducted at Kansas State University North
Agronomy Farm, Manhattan, KS, on a Kennebec silt loam. This study site was previously under dry land continuous
corn production with NT and CT for more than 10 years. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was planted
with two tillage systems (NT and CT) as four replicates in March. Surface CO2 flux was measured weekly during
plant growth. Soil water content at the surface (5 cm) tended to be greater in NT and decreased from planting to
harvest. Soil microbial activity at the surface was usually higher in NT and decreased from planting to harvest,
while activity was constant in the deeper depths. The higher microbial activity at the surface of NT occurred after
60 days of planting where soil water content was the most limiting factor on microbial activity. Soil CO2 flux
varied in response to changes in soil water content and the variation and magnitude of the increase was greater at
higher soil water contents. Conventional tillage released 20% more CO2 to the atmosphere compare to NT after
10 years in the North American Great Plains Regions.
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