CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PLUM CULTIVARS OF Prunus domestica L.

Abstract

During the period 2015-2016 the chemical composition was investigated and some biometric parameters were studied in fresh fruit of 8 plum cultivars in an experimental plantation of RIMSA, in the vicinity of the town of Dryanovo. ‘Stanley’ cultivar was used as a standard. The other cultivars included in this study are: ‘Malvazinka’, ‘Green Renclode’, ‘Tegera’, ‘Hanita’, ‘Jojo’, ‘Čačanska Najbolja’ and ‘Čačanska rodna’. ‘Malvazinka’ is distinguished by the largest and most beautiful fruits – 48.88 g (2015), while the smallest fruit is found in ‘Čačanska rodna’ (16.06 g – 2015). For most cultivars, the relative share of the stone from the full weight of the fruit is higher in 2016, which we believe is due to the soil and climate conditions in the area. For ‘Hanita’ and ‘Stanley’ the stone is over 6% of the weight of the fruit. The fruits of the early cultivar ‘Tegera’ are distinguished with high content of dry matter – 24.3%/ 2015/, followed by ‘Jojo’ – 23.9%. The highest total sum of sugars is found in ‘Stanley’ (14.46%), followed by ‘Tegera’ – 14.01%. Regarding the content of organic acids, the fruits of ‘Stanley’ have the lowest content in both years. Tanning substance content ranges from 0.093% for ‘Malvasinka to 0.451% for ‘Stanley’.

‘Stanley’ cultivar shows the best chemical and technological indicators of fresh fruit in the conditions of Dryanovo, followed by ‘Tegera’.