NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS BALANCES AS DEPENDENT ON DURUM WHEAT FERTILIZATION
Keywords:
durum wheat, nutrient balance, fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorusAbstract
The nitrogen and phosphorus balance under the influence of fertilization on durum wheat Progress cultivar was determined in a long-term fertilizer experiment, carried out at the Field Crops Institute - Chirpan on a soil type Pellic Vertisols during the period 2011-2013. Phosphorus and combined NP fertilization in rates N0P0, P80, P120, P160, N120P80, N120P120, N120 and P160 were applied. It was found that P fertilization increased insignificantly the grain yield (11.6-24.3% above the unfertilized control), and after NP fertilization the yield increased by 115.9-128.6% compared to the control. The total biological yield (grain + straw) without N fertilization were nearly two times lower (5900-6687 kg.ha-1) than that with the NP system (11087-11797 kg.ha-1). At P fertilization the plants uptook from 61.4 to 70.4 kg N.ha-1, and at NP fertilization - 146.9-165.7 kg N.ha-1. At P120 the plants absorbed 41.0 kg P2O5.ha-1, and at N120P160 the uptake was the highest - 77.2 kg.ha-1. The nitrogen balance was negative with a deficiency of -26.9 to -45.7 kg.ha-1 fertilization with N120. At incorporation of straw in the soil the balance was from 6.6-17.7 kg.ha-1. At fertilization with 80, 120 and 160 kg P2O5.ha-1 the phosphorus balance was positive and the soil accumulated from 45.4 to 120.4 kg P2O5.ha-1, and at combined fertilization of phosphorus with N120 - from 11.4 to 82.8 kg P2O5.ha-1. When incorporating straw in the soil at NP fertilization significant amounts of available phosphates were accumulated - 41.1-117.5 kg P2O5.ha-1.
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