Early events during the induction of somatic embryogenesis in genera Medicago
Keywords:
somatic embryogenesis, Medicago truncatula, Medicago falcata, asymmetric divisionAbstract
In this review based on our data obtained in last 25 years we outline the early events of the induction of somatic embryogenesis in genera Medicago and in the model species - diploid M. truncatula and tetraploid M. falcata. Following the collected data considerable attention is paid on the factors affecting the process of the induction, activation of somatic cells for division by using an auxin 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) as a trigger, type of fi rst cell division and further development. Based on recently established results the role of auxin in somatic embryo development is traced and confi rmed by the localization of expression of the genes encoding an auxin infl ux carrier (MtLAX3) and the transcriptional factor an auxin response factor B3 (MtARF-B3) from the genome of M. truncatula. A brief consideration is paid to the role of genotype, explant pretreatment and genome size.
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