The role of moisture conditions in the formation of yield and responsiveness of Lens culinaris (L.) to phosphate fertilizers
Keywords:
Lens culinaris (L.), moisture conditions, phosphate fertilizers, phosphorus nutrition, yieldAbstract
The main obstacles in obtaining consistently high and high-quality crops of Lens culinaris (L.) in Kazakhstan are the lack of moisture, low richness of soils with available elements of nutrients. The use of mineral fertilizers for Lens culinaris (L.) in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan has not been studied yet. In our studies, the yield of different varieties of Lens culinaris (L.) in the dry-steppe zone has been estimated with different provision of soils with elements of nutrients for two years. Small-seeded varieties of Krapinka and Viceroy Lens culinaris (L.) were compared under various vegetation conditions, their responsiveness to growing conditions, the use of phosphorus fertilizers, yield and quality indicators. The results of the study showed that the lack of moisture during the vegetation period in 2019 negatively affected the yield of Lens culinaris (L.) and the effectiveness of the use of phosphate fertilizers, reduced the yield of both varieties by 6-8 times compared to 2018, up to 2-4 dt/ha. From the use of phosphorus fertilizers in doses of P120-150 with the content of available phosphorus 11-15 mg/kg under control, the yield of Lens culinaris (L.) of both varieties and the quality of products increased. It is noted that the variety of Viceroy Lens culinaris (L.) produced a higher yield than the variety of Krapinka Lens culinaris (L.). This is a biological feature of the variety and is confirmed by a large number of beans and seeds on natural and fertilized backgrounds. The trend of increasing yields and improving the quality indicators of products on fertilized backgrounds was in a favorable year and preserved in the dry season, which indicates the positive effect of improving the background of phosphorus nutrition.The studies have shown that Lens culinaris (L.) are very sensitive to moisture conditions. A favorable moisture-related year of receiving Krapinka – 5.6 dt/ha and Viceroy – 9.8 dt/ha brought in a good increase in the yield as a result of the use of phosphate fertilizers. During the research years, the optimal levels of provision of soil with available phosphorus for these varieties were in the range 25-30 mg/kg of soil.
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