Alpha S1-casein genetic variations in Bulgarian sheep breeds and significance on milk casein fractions
Keywords:
caseins, CSN1S1gene, PCR-RFLP, sheep milk, SNPAbstract
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the exon III at CSN1S1 gene encoding alpha S1-casein (αS1-CN) was investigated by means of the PCR-RFLP analysis in two sheep breeds – Bulgarian Dairy Synthetic Population (BDSP, n = 89) and Pleven Blackhead sheep (PLBH, n = 38) with an aim to establish the possible effect of a particular genotype on the casein content and distribution of milk fractions. The homozygous CC genotype was observed in 63.2% of the studied ewes, while the homozygous AA genotype was established in 4.5 % of the individuals. The calculated mean values of observed (Hо = 0.323) and expected (He = 0.321) heterozygosity at CSN1S1 locus indicated a moderate degree of genetic variability in the examined sheep populations. The estimated negative values of the coefficient (Fis = –0.001 ÷ –0.006) showed a low level of inbreeding.The results of the associative analysis indicated that CSN1S1 genotypes were significantly associated with the milk αS1-CN in the BDSP 2 population (P < 0.05). The highest casein percentage in this population (35.24 ± 3.96) was associated with ewes carrying the heterozygous AC genotype. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were established for CSN1S1 genotypes in terms of casein content in the studied PLBH sheep population.
References
Amigo, L., Recio, I. & Ramos, M. (2000). Genetic polymorphism of ovine milk proteins: its influence on technological properties of milk-a review. Intеrnational Dairy Journal, 10, 135–149.
Balthazar, C. F., Pimentel, T. C., Ferrão, L. L, Almada, C. N., Santillo, A., Albenzio, M., Mollakhalili, N., Mortazavian, A. M., Nascimento, J. S., Silva, M. C., Freitas, M. Q., Sant’Ana, A. S., Granato, D. & Cruz, A. G. (2017). Sheep Milk: Physicochemical Characteristics and Relevance for Functional Food Development. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 16, 247–262.
Bobe, G., Beitz, D. C., Freeman, A. E. &Lindberg, G. L. (1998). Separation and Quantification of Bovine Milk Proteins by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46 (2), 458–463.
Ceriotti, G., Chessa, S., Bolla, P., Budelli, E., Bianchi, L., Duranti, E. & Caroli A. (2004). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ovine casein genes detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(8), 2606–2613.
Chessa, S., Rignanese, D., Berbenni, M., Ceriotti, G., Martini, M., Pagnacco, G. & Caroli A. (2010). New genetic polymorphisms within ovine β- and S2- caseins. Small Ruminant Research, 88, 84–88.
EASRAB (Executive Agency for Selection and Reproduction in Animal Breeding). (2017). Livestock breeds in republic of Bulgaria, In: Catalogue 5th edition, Bulgaria, Editor-in-Chief G. Yordanov, Sofia, 80–123.
Excoffier, L. & Lischer. H. E. (2010). Arlequin suite ver 3.5: anew series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources, 10 (3), 564–567.
Gencheva, D. & Georgieva, S. (2019). Genetic diversity and population structure of Bulgarian autochthonous sheep breeds base on nucleotide variation in Alpha S1-casein gene. Bulgarian Journal of Agriculture Science, (Suppl. 3), 95–102.
Georgescu, S. E., Ene, A., Dudu, A,, Ghiţă, E. & Costache, M. (2016). Genetic Polymorphisms of β-Lactoglobulin and α-s1-Casein genes in Romanian Racka sheep. Animal Science and Biotechnology, 49 (1), 50–53.
Giambia I J, Chianese L, Ferranti P, Erhardt G. (2010). Genomics and proteomics of detection ovine CSN1S1. International Dairy Journal, 20, 195–202.
Giambra, I. J., Jäjer, S. & Erhardt, G. (2010). Isoelectric focusing reveals additional casein variants in German sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Research, 90, 11–17.
Guo, S. W. & Thompson, E. A. (1992). Performing the exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportion for multiple alleles. Biometrics, 361–372.
Hristova, D. (2011). Genetic polymorphism of alpha S1- casein gene in Bulgarian sheep breeds. Agricultural science and technology, 3 (10), 8–12.
Ivankovic, A. & Dovc, P. (2004). Polymorphisms of beta-lactoglobulin and alpha s1-casein genes in the pag islad sheep. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 84 (2), 120-130 (SLO).
Kevorkian, S., Manea, M., Gavrila, M., Rebedea, M., Georgescu, S. &Costache, M. (2009). Sequencing of exon three of αs1- casein sheep and goad gene. Archiva zootechnica, 12 (3), 87–92.
Marin, D., Gras, M., Radu, M. & Ghita, E. (2012). Preliminary study on milk composition and milk protein polymorphism in the Romanian local sheep breed Teleorman Black Head Tsigai. Romanian Biothechnological Letters, 17 (5), 75–83.
Martini, M., Salari, F., Scolozzi, C., Cecchi, F., Ceriotti, G. & Caroli A. (2006). Relationship between milk genetic polymorphism and physico-chemical and nutritional quality of sheep milk. In: 14th International Congress of Fe. Me. SP Rum, Lugo, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Martini, M., Salari, F., Scolozzi, C., Cecchi, F., Mele, M.& Salari, F. (2008). A Relationship between milk genetic polymorphism and phisico-chemical and nutritional quality of sheep milk. Small Ruminant Research, 74, 194–201.
Moatsou, G., Samolada, M., Katsabeki, A. & Anifantakis, E. (2004). Casein fraction of ovine milk from indigenous Greek breeds. Le Lait. 84 (3), 285–296.
Mroczkowski, S., Korman, K., Erhardt, G., Piwczynski, D. & Borys, B. (2004). Sheep milk protein polymorphism and its effect on milk performance of Polish Merino. Archiv Tierzucht, 47 (6), 114–121.
Othman, O.E., El-Fiky, S.A., Hassan, N.A., Mahfouz, E.R. & Balabel E.A. (2013). Genetic polymorphism detection of two α-Casein genes in three Egyptian sheep breeds. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 11 (2), 129–134.
Pilla, F., Bevilacqua, C., Leroux, C., Fraghi, A. & Martin, P. (1998). Genotyping of alpha-S1 casein in sheep. Animal Genetics, 29, 472–473.
Pirisi, A., Piredda, G., Papoff, C., Di Salvo, R., Pintus, S., Garro, G., Ferranti, P. & Chianese, L. (1999). Effects of sheep alpha S1-casein CC, CD and DD genotypes on milk composition and cheesemaking properties. Jouranl of Dairy Research, 66, 409–419.
Ramos, A., Matos, C., Russo-Almeida, P., Bettencourt, C., Matos, J., Martinsa, A. & Pinheiro, C. (2009). Rangel-Figueiredoa, T. Candidate genes for milk production traits in Portuguese dairy sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 82, 117–121.
Ramunno, L., Cosenza, G., Rando, A., Pauciullo, A., Illario, R., Gallo, D. & Masina, P. (2005). Comparative analysis of gene sequence of goat CSN1S1 F and N alleles and characterization of CSN1S1 transcript variants in mammary gland. Gene, 345 (2), 289–299.
Raynal-Ljutovac, K., Park, Y. W., Gaucheron, F. & Bouhallab, S. (2007). Heat stability and enzymatic modifications of goat and sheep milk. Small Ruminant Research, 68, 207–220.
Rustempasic, A., Dokso, A., Zecevic, E., Hodzic, A., Bandzo, K., Miskoska-Milevska, E. & Brka, M. (2013). Polymorphism of CSN1S1 gene in Pramenka breed sheep in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Scientific-Expert-Conference of Agriculture and Food Industry, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, University of Sarajevo, 91–94. SPSS Statistics 17.0.0 WinWrap Basic, Copyright (1993-2007). Polar Engineering and Consulting.
Whitney, R. M. L. (1988). Proteins of milk, in fundamentals of dairy chemistry, 3rd ed. In: Wong NP (editor). AVI, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 81–169.
Yahyaoui, M. H., Coll, A., Sanchez, A., Josep, M. & Folch, J. M. (2001). Genetic polymorphism of the caprine kappa casein gene. Journal of Dairy Research, 68, 209–216.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
