Assessment of yields, quality traits and allelic composition of storage proteins in new Bulgarian common winter wheat genotypes
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.61308/ACDY3042Ключови думи :
T. aestivum L.; HMW-GS, LMW-GS; gliadins; SDS-PAGE; A-PAGEАбстракт
The creation of high-yielding varieties of common wheat combined with high grain quality is the main task of modern breeding programs. The study includes eleven genotypes of common wheat: Ginra, Gizda, Sashets, Yailzla, Nadita and Magizhi, MH 258/3355 (Niki x Guinness), RU 47-3504 (Bolyarka x Fermer), RU 177/486 (Medeya x Fermer), RU 179/1400 (Bolyarka x Nikibo), RU 251/268 (Murgavets x Guinness). The aim of thе study was to evaluate new Bulgarian common winter wheat genotypes in terms of their yield, grain quality parameters and allelic composition of the reserve endosperm proteins. The analysis of the allelic composition of storage proteins contained in the endosperm of wheat grain was carried out by electrophoresis. For each genotype, a qualitative Glu-score was calculated. The sedimentation value test, wet gluten content and gluten release were applied to determine gluten quality and baking properties of the wheat. During the two years of the study, the highest yields were recorded for the varieties Gizda and Yailzla, and the highest results for the sedimentation number were recorded for the Yailzla variety. The values for the wet gluten yield trait were high for the Yailzla and Nadita genotypes and line RU 47/3504. It was found by SDS-PAGE that in the Glu-A1 locus, the subunit 2* associated with a high quality score is found with the highest frequency (54.5%), and in the Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci, the fractions 7+9 and 2+12 associated with good baking qualities are the largest. In the area of low-molecular glutenins, an allele j (Glu-B3) was found, which is associated with the expression of the gliadin allele l (Gli-B1). These two alleles indicate the presence of rye translocation 1BL/1RL in the spectrum of the Magizhi variety and in the spectra of each of the biotypes of lines RU177/486, RU179/1400 and RU251/268. The results for the quality scores of the individual varieties and lines show that the one biotype of line RU47-3504 with the highest Glu-score -19 is followed by the Yailzla variety and the Sashets variety. Based on the results obtained, high-yielding varieties and lines with a high level of homogeneity and quality, meeting modern selection criteria, will be selected
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