Weeds and Root Parasite Broomrape Nutrient Uptake in Oriental Tobacco Crop
Keywords:
broomrape; macroelement losses; tobacco; weedsAbstract
Field trial in tobacco crop was conducted to estimate losses of available nutrients, caused by weeds ant the root parasite broomrape. Tobacco plants were grown on Rendzic Leptosols in conventional grown system. Weed population density and composition, as well as broomrape infestation in the plot were quantified. Based on macroelements content in the dry weight of the aboveground biomass, nutrient uptake per da for both tobacco and weeds were calculated. Five dominant weed species were observed in the study, which were highly competitive in the accumulation of potassium and less competitive in the accumulation of calcium. The nutrient uptake of tobacco plants per da was: N – 3.14 kg; P – 0.28 kg; K – 3.08 kg; Ca – 4.82 kg and Mg – 0.99 kg; the total mineral uptake of the weed species per da was N – 1.05 kg; P – 0.11 kg; K – 1.66 kg; Ca – 0.53 kg and Mg – 0.25 kg. Amongst the weeds in the experimental terms, the root parasite broomrape (genus Phelipanche) and perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) showed the highest content of macroelements.
References
Нанкова, М., М. Титянов, Г. Събев, Н. Нанков. 2005. Агрономическа и икономическа оценка при изясняване прага на вредност при някои плевели при пшеницата (T. aestivum L.). ІІ. Промени в усвояването на макроелементи при пшеницата в зависимост от степента на заплевелява не. Научни трудове. АУ, Пловдив, т. І, кн. 4: 349-354.
Накова, Р. 2007. Съвременни проучвания върху кон курентните взаимоотношения между пшеница и плеве ли. Растениевъдни науки, № 1.
Тинчева, Ц. 1970. Някои физиологически изменения, настъпващи в тютюна под влияние на синята китка (Orobanche mutelii Schulz). Дисертация.
Фетваджиева, Н. и др. 1982. Хербология. Земиздат, София. Barrentine, W. L. 1974. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Sci., 22: 600-603
Campbell, E. G. 1924. Nitrogen content of weeds. Bot. Gaz., 79: 103-115
Cooley, A. W. and D. T. Smith. 1973. Germination and emergence of buffalobur, morning glory and cocklebur. Tex as Agric. Exp. Station, PR 3197-3209, p. 11-14
Duer, I. 1986. The chemical composition of weeds and nu trient uptake by weeds and cereals in crop rotation with differ ent participation of cereals. Pam. Puł. (in Polish), 88: 191-204
Ernst, W. H. O. 1986. Mineral nutrition of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bursana during infection by Orobanche ramosa L. Proc. of workshop Biology and control of Orobanche. Wageningen, The Netherlands (ed. by S. J. ter Borg): 80-85
Hristeva, Ts., D. Drachev. 2008. Investigation on chemi cal composition of Basmi variety group Oriental tobacco in fected with Broomrape (Orobanche sp.). Journal of Agricul tural Science and Forest Science “Ecology and Future”, vol. VII, No 1: 35-39
Kumar, S. 1998. Ann. Agric. Res., 19: 345-347
Malicki, L. and Berbeciowa, C. 1986. Uptake of more important mineral components by common field weeds on loess soils. Acta Agrobot., 39: 129-142
Martin, G. C., Sheaffer, C. C. аnd Wyse, D. L. 1987. Forage nutritive value and palatability of perennial weeds. Agron. I., 79, 980-986
McWhorter, C. G. and Hartwig, E. E. 1972. Competition of johnsongrass and cocklebur with six soybean varieties. Weed. Sci., 20: 56-59
Parylak, D. 1996. Competitive uptake of nutrients by spring barley and weeds. Frag. Agronom., 4(52): 68-74 (in Polish)
Press, M. C., N. Shah, C. R. Stewart. 1986. The para sitic habit: trends and metabolic reductionism. Proc. of work shop Biology and control of Orobanche. Wageningen, The Netherlands (ed. by S. J. ter Borg): 96-106
Qasem, J . R., T. A. Hil. 1995. Growth, development and nutrient accumulation in Senecio vulgaris L. and Chenopo dium album L. Weed Research, 35: 87-196
Rodrigues, M. R. 1987. Effect of Orobanche ramosa on state-grown Black tobacco. Journal Cuba Tobacco, No 40: 21-24
Santos, B. M., J. A. Dusky, W. M. Stall, D. G. Shilling and T. A. Bewic. 1998. Phosphorous effect on competitive interactions of smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea) with lettuce. Weed Sci., 46: 307-312
Stupnicka-Rodzynkiewicz, E ., T. Łabza, T. Hochół. 1996. Content of some mineral components in weeds with respect to environmental conditions. Acta Agr. Et Silv., Agraria XXXIV, 125-130
Trąba, C., J. Wiater. 2004. The content and uptake of selected microelements by pigweed (Chenopodium album L.) depending on cultivated plant and fertilization with waste. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol., 502: 1011-1021 (in Polish)
Wallace, W. and J. S. Pate. 1967. Nitrate assimilation in higher plants with special reference to the cocklebur (Xan thium pensylvanicumWallr.). Bot. Gaz., 31: 213-228
Wegman, K. 1998. The Orobanche problem in tobacco. Proc. of the 4th International Orobanche workshop, Bulgaria, (ed. by Wegman, Musselman and Joel): 21-24
Zawiślak, K., M. Kostrzewska. 2000. Nutrient compe tition of weeds in winter rye stands grown in crop rotation and long-term monoculture. II. Content of macroelements in above-ground biomass of rye and weeds. Annal. UMCS, sect. E, LV, suppl. 33: 269-275 (in Polish)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
