Изпитване на ефекта от добавяне на екстракт от риган по време на бременността върху репродуктивните способности на свинете майки
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.61308/UYRQ2910Ключови думи :
бременни свине, свине-майки, бозайници, репродуктивни показатели, риганАбстракт
Целта на настоящото изследване е да се анализира ефектът на ригана, прилаган като добавка в храната на бременни свине върху репродуктивните им показатели. Изследването е проведено с 48 свине-майки, разделени на две групи: контролна група (n=24), хранена със стандартен фураж и експериментална група (n=24), получаваща фураж с добавен екстракт от риган (1 g/kg фураж). Проследени са следните признаци: интервал отбиване-заплождане, продължителност на бременността, процент заплодяемост, брой и тегло на живородените прасета, брой и тегло на бозайниците на 21ия ден и прираст за периода. Резултатите показват, че свинете, приемали риган по време на бременността, са имали с 12,5% по-висок процент заплодяемост и с 0,5 дни по-къса бременност от конвенционално хранените. Риганът повлиява благоприятно периода на непродуктивните дни, като интервалът от опрасване на свинете майки до появата на еструс e с 0,5 дни по къс при свинете от експерименталната група. Свинете, хранени с риган, показват увеличение в броя на живородените прасенца с 0,21 броя. Установено е, че добавянето на риган по време на бременността е допринесло за повишаване на средното живо тегло на прасетата при раждане в експерименталната група в сравнение с контролната (Р <0,05), както и средното живо тегло на 21-ия ден (Р<0,01). Приплодите на свинете от групата, приемала риган през бременността, показват по-висок среднодневен прираст в сравнение с тези на контролната група (Р<0,05).
Литература (библиография)
Allan, P. & Bilkei, G. (2005). Oregano improves reproductive performance of sows. Theriogenology, 63(3), 716 - 721. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.
Amrik, B. & Bilkei, G. (2004). Influence of farm application of oregano on performances of sows. Can. Vet. J., 45(8), 674 - 677.
Ariza-Nieto, C., Bandrick, M., Molitor, W. & Baidoo, K. (2005). Оregano essential oils (OEO) supplementation and its effect on reproductive performance of sow, growth pattern of piglets and their immune measurements. University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/157763.
Azuma, Y., Ozasa, N., Ueda, Y. & Takagia, N. (1986). Pharmacological studies on the antiinflammatory action of phenolic compounds. J. Dent. Res., 65, 53 - 56. doi: 10.1177/00220345860650010901.
Baser, C. & Buchbauer, G. (Eds.). (2015). Handbook of Essential Oils: Science, Technology, and Applications, Second Edition (2nd ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b19393.
Cui, H., Zhang, C., Su, K., Fan, T., Chen, L., Yang, Z., Zhang, M., Li, J., Zhang, Y. & Liu, J. (2024). Oregano Essential Oil in Livestock and Veterinary Medicine. Animals, 14, 1532. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111532.
Desbruslais, A. B. S. (2024) Oregano essential oil increases birth and weaning weights International. Pig Topics, 39, 2.
Didry, N., Dubreuil, L. & Pinkas, M. (1994). Activity of thymol, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyd and eugenol on oral bacteria. Pharm Acta Helv., 69, 25 - 28. doi: 10.1016/0031-6865(94)90027-2.
Dimitrov, S. (2015). Relationship between litter size and parity numberwith gestation length of sows. Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry, 52(6), 3 - 6.
Duarte, M. E. & Kim, S.W. (2022). Phytobiotics from Oregano Extracts Enhance the Intestinal Health and Growth Performance of Pigs. Antioxidants, 11, 2066. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11102066.
Guillemet, R., Hamard, A., Quesnel, H., Père, C., Etienne, M., Dourmad, Y. & Meunier-Salaün, C. (2007). Dietary fibre for gestating sows: effects on parturition progress, behaviour, litter and sow performance. Animal, 1(6), 872 - 880. doi:10.1017/S1751731107000110.
Hall, H. N, Wilkinson, D. J. & Le Bon, M. (2021). Oregano essential oil improves piglet health and performance through maternal feeding and is associated with changes in the gut microbiota. Anim. Microbiome, 3(1), 2. doi: 10.1186/s42523-020-00064-2.
Hofmann, H., Heusler, K., Roth, K., Pröll-Cornelissen, M., Große-Brinkhaus, C., Schellander, K. & Neuhoff, C. (2022). Oregano essential oil showed limited effects on pigs' carcass quality and haematology whereas a transcriptome analysis revealed significant modulations in the jejunum and the ileum. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (Berl)., 106(5), 1017 - 1035. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13639.
Ivanova, S., Kanev, D., Kirov, M. & Doichev, V. (2016). Effect of alternatives as replacements of antibiotics in suckling and weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 3-5, 81 - 89 (Bg).
Ivanova, S., Nikolova, T., Dimitrova, A. & Pirgozliev, V. (2023). Effect of oregano essential oil on the performance and microbiological status of suckling piglets. Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, LXVI(1), 93 - 100. ISSN 2285-5750.
Ivanova-Peneva, S. (2012). Application of herbs for the prevention and treatment of after weaning diarrhoea, stimulation of growth and improved welfare of growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 6, 34 - 42 (Bg).
Ivanova-Peneva, S., Gineva, E. & Nedeva, R. (2010). Effect of use of Origanum vulgare and Potentilla Erecta Raus on the productiveness and health of suckling piglets. Journal of Animal Science, 4, 32 - 34 (Bg).
Khajarern, J. & Khajarern, S. (2002). The efficacy of origanum essential oils in sow feed. Int Pig Topics, 17, 17.
Kiss, R. & Bilkei, G. (2003). Effect of a phytogenic feed additive on weaning-to-estrus interval and farrowing rate in sows. Journal of Swine Health and Production, 11(5), 296 - 299. DOI:10.54846/jshap/366.
Kramarenko, A., Yulevich, O., Lіuta, I. & Kramarenko, S. (2024). Analysis of variability in gestation length in sows and its association with litter traits at birth. Scientific Horizons, 27(11), 9 - 20.
Nowak, B., Mucha, A., Moska, M. & Kruszyński, W. (2020) Reproduction Indicators Related to Litter Size and Reproduction Cycle Length Among Sows of Breeds Considered Maternal and Paternal Components Kept on Medium-Size Farms. Animals (Basel)., 10(7), 1164. doi: 10.3390/ani10071164.
Pietruszka, A., Der, A. & Matysiak, B. (2020). Analysis of gestation length and its influence on the reproductive performance of crossbred sows kept on a large-scale pig farm. Аnimal science and genetics, 16(1), 29 - 36. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0505.
Poleze, E., Bernardi, M., Filha, A. & Wents, I. (2006). Consequences of variation in weaning-to-estrus interval on reproductive performance of swine females. Livest. Sci., 103, 124 - 130.
Quesnel, H., Meunier-Salaün, C., Hamard, A., Guillemet, R., Etienne, M., Farmer, C., Dourmad, Y. & Père, C. (2009) Dietary fiber for pregnant sows: influence on sow physiology and performance during lactation. J Anim. Sci., 87(2), 532 - 543. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-1231.
Reese, E., Moser, D., Peo, R., Lewis, J., Zimmerman, R., Kinder, E., Stroup, W. & Butler, W. (1982) Influence of Energy Intake During Lactation on the Interval from Weaning to First Estrus in Sows. Faculty Papers and Publications in Animal Science, 662. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscifacpub/662/.
Renken, M., Thaler, R., Clapper, J. & Levesque, C. (2017). Diets supplemented with oregano oil show minimal impact in sows and litters. South Dakota State University Department of Animal Science, National Hog Farmer https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-nutrition/diets-supplemented-with-oregano-oil-show-minimal-impact-in-sows-and-litters.
Rychen, G., Aquilina, G., Azimonti, G., Bampidis, V., Bastos, M., Bories, G., Cocconcelli, P. S., Flachowsky, G., Gropp, J., Kolar, B., Kouba, M., López-Alonso, M., Puente, S. L., Mantovani A., Mayo, B., Ramos, F., Saarela, M., Villa, R. E., Wallace, R. J., Wester, P., Brantom, P., Dusemund, B., Van Beelen, P., Westendorf, J., Gregoretti, L., Manini, P. & Chesson, A. (2017). Safety and efficacy of an essential oil from Origanum vulgare subsp. Hirtum (Link) letsw. var. Vulkan when used as a sensory additive in feed for all animal species. EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) EFSA Journal, 15(12), e05095. DOI:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5095.
Sasaki, Y. & Koketsu, Y. (2007).Variability and repeatability in gestation length related to litter performance in female pigs on commercial farms. Theriogenology, 68(2), 123 - 127. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology..04.021.
Zangaro, C. (2024). Potential use of essential oils as an alternative to feed grade antibiotics in pork production. Michigan State University Extension. https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/potential-use-of-essential-oils-as-an-alternative-to-feed-grade-antibiotics-in-pork-production.
Zhang, Y., Deng Y., Hao, Y., Fang, J. & Feng, J. (2024). Effects of Supplementation with Oregano Essential Oil during Late Gestation and Lactation on Serum Metabolites, Antioxidant Capacity and Fecal Microbiota of Sows. Animals, 14(5), 753. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14050753.
Zhao, Y., Flowers, W., Saraiva, A., Yeum, K.-J. S. & Kim, W. (2013). Effect of social ranks and gestation housing systems on oxidative stress status, reproductive performance, and immune status of sows. Journal of Animal Science, 91(12), 5848 - 5858. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6388.
Файлове за сваляне
Публикуван
Брой
Раздел (Секция)
Лиценз
Авторски права (c) 2026 Животновъдни науки
Публикация с Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
