Приложение на мравчена киселина срещу Varroa destructor през пролетта при използване на инфрачервени нагреватели в пчелните кошери
Ключови думи :
мравчена киселина, медоносна пчела (Apis mellifera mellifera L.), инфрачервен нагревател, термосонда, Varroa destructorАбстракт
Целта на изследването е да се установи влиянието на мравчената киселина върху акара Varroa destructor, прилагана през пролетта при използване на инфрачервен нагревател в пчелния кошер. Експериментът е проведен на три биологични пчелина – 1, 2 и 3, намиращи се в област Велико Търново. Сформирани са две групи пчелни семейства – опитна и контролна. Всяка група се състои от 6 пчелни семейства. Всички пчелни семейства са снабдени с термо сонди (за измерване на температурата в °С), а в пчелните семейства от опитната група са монтирани инфрачервени нагреватели в горната част на рамките, които не са покрити с пчели. Всяко пчелно семейство от контролната и опитната група е третирано с 20 ml 60% мравчена
киселина, апликиранa върху целулозен носител. Резултатите от конкретното проучване показват, че приложението на 60% мравчена киселина заедно с инфрачервен нагревател през месец Април, води до ефективно намаляване на популацията на акара Varroa destructor на изследваните пчелини. Ранното пролетно ефективно третиране на пчелните семейства срещу Varroa destructor рязко би намалило загубите на пчелни семейства и би увеличило продукцията в пчеларството през стопанския сезон.
Литература (библиография)
Al-Jadaani, D. M. (2018). Efficacy of some plant essential oils to control Varroa destructor on honey bees Apis mellifera L. Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Science, 30(2), 57-74.
Brodschneider, R., Schlagbauer, J., Arakelyan, I., Ballis, A., Brus, J., Brusbardis, V., Cadahía, L., Charrière, J.-D., Chlebo, R., Coffey, M.F., Cornelissen, B., Amaro da Costa, C., Danneels, E., Danihlík, J., Dobrescu, C., Evans, G., Fedoriak, M., Forsythe, I., Gregorc, A., Johannesen, J., Kauko, L., Kristiansen, P., Martikkala, M., Martín-Hernández, R. & Gray, A. (2023). Spatial clusters of Varroa destructorcontrol strategies in Europe. Journal of Pest Science, 96, 759-783.
Carreck, N. L., Ball, B. V. & Martin, S. J. (2010). Honey bee colony collapse and changes in viral prevalence associated with Varroa destructor. Journal of Apicultural Research, 49(1), 93-94.
Currie, R. W.& Gatien, P. (2006). Timing acaricide treatments to prevent Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) from causing economic damage to honey bee colonies.
The Canadian Entomologist, 138(2), 238-252. De la Rua, P., Jaffe, R., Dall’Olio, R., Muñoz, I. & Serrano, J. (2009). Biodiversity, conservation and current threats to European honeybees. Apidologie,40(3), 263-284.
Fries, I. (1991). Treatment of sealed honey bee brood with formic acid for control of Varroa jacobsoni. American Bee Journal, 131(5), 313-314.
Giacobino, А., Molineri, A., Cagnolo, N. B., Merke, J., Orellano, E., Bertozzi, E., Masciangelo, G., Pietronave, H., Pacini, A., Salto, C. & Signorini, M. (2016). Key management practices to prevent high infestation levels of Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies at the beginning of the honey yield season. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 131, 95-102.
Greatti, M., Barbattini, R. & D’Agaro, M. (1993). Treatment of varroosis. Formic acid as a control method against Varroa jacobsoni. Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari, 14(6), 37-43.
Hoppe, H., Ritter, W. & Stephen, E. W. C. (1989). The control of parasitic bee mites: Varroa jacobsoni, Acarapis woodi, and Tropilaelaps clarae with formic acid. American Bee Journal,129, 739-742.
Hristov, P. (2016). Device for quick determination of the degree invasions of bee colonies with Varroa destructor. Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry, 3-6, 238-245.
Hýbl, M., Bohatá, A., Rádsetoulalová, I., Kopecký, M., Hoštičková, I., Vaníčková, A. & Mráz, P. (2021). Evaluating the efficacy of 30 different essential oils againstVarroa destructorand honey bee workers (Apis mellifera). Insects, 12(11), 1045, 1-12.
Imdorf, A., Charrière, J.-D., Maquelin, C., Kilchenmann, V. & Bachofen, B. (1996). Alternative Varroa control.American Bee Journal, 136, 189-193.
Jack, C. J. & Ellis, J. D. (2021). Integrated pest management control ofVarroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), the most damaging pest of (Apis melliferaL. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)) colonies. Journal of Insect Science, 21(5),1-32. Le Conte, Y., Ellis, M. & Ritter, W. (2010). Varroa mites and honey bee health: can Varroa explain part of the colony losses? Apidologie, 41(3), 353-363.
Liu, T. P. (1991). Formic acid and bee mites. American Bee Journal, 131, 311-312.
Mahmood, R., Wagchoure, E. S., Raja, S. & Sarwar, G. (2012). Control of Varroa destructor using oxalic acid, formic acid and Bayvarol strip in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 44(6), 1473-1477.
Posada-Florez, F., Ryabov, E. V., Heerman, M. C., Chen, Y., Evans, J. D., Sonenshine, D. E. & Cook, S. C. (2020). Varroa destructor mites vector and transmit pathogenic honey bee viruses acquired from an artificial diet. PLoS ONE 15(11), e0242688, 1-13.
Qadir, Z. A., Idrees, A., Mahmood, R., Sarwar, G., Bakar, M. A., Ahmad, S., Raza, M. M. & Li, J. (2021). Effectiveness of different soft acaricides against honey bee ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). Insects, 12, 1032, 1-11.
Ramsey, S. D., Ochoa, R., Bauchan, G., Gulbronson, C., Mowery, J. D., Cohen, A., Lim, D., Joklik, J., Cicero, J., Ellis, J., van Engelsdorp, D. & Hawthorne, D. (2019). Varroa destructor feeds primarily on honey bee fat body tissue and not hemolymph. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(5), 1792-1801.
Refaei, G. S. (2011). Evaluation of some natural substances against Varroa destructor infesting honeybee, Apis mellifera in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 89(1), 169-175.
Rosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P. & Ziegelmann, B. 2010. Biology and control of Varroa destructor. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 103, 96-119.
Roth, M. A., Wilson, J. M., Tignor, K. R. & Gross, A. D. (2020). Biology and management of Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) inApis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 11(1), 1-8.
Skinner, J. A., Parkman, J. P. & Studer, M. D. (2001). Evaluation of honey bee miticides, including temporal and thermal effects on formic acid gel vapours, in the central south-eastern USA. Journal of Apicultural Research, 40, 81-89.
Su, X., Zheng, H., Fei, Z. & Hu, F. (2012). Effectiveness of herbal essential oils as fumigants to control Varroa destructor in laboratory assays. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 49(5), 1189-1195.
Tihelka, E. (2018). Effects of synthetic and organic acaricides on honey bee health: A review. Slovenian Veterinary Research, 55(2), 119-140.
Traynor, K. S., Mondet, F., de Miranda, J. R., Techer, M., Kowallik, V., Oddie, M. A. Y., Chantawannakul, P. & McAfee, A. (2020). Varroa destructor: A complex parasite, crippling honey bees worldwide. Trends in Parasitology, 36(7), 592-606.
Tsvetanov, Ts. (2019). Influence of Bipin-T and Bisanar drugs on the infestation of bee families with Varroa destructor. Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry, 6, 36-43.
Underwood, R. M. &Currie, R. W. (2003). The effects of temperature and dose of formic acid on treatment efficacy against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), a parasite of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 29, 303-313.
van Dooremalen, C. & Cornelissen, B. (2013). Bees@wur: Formic acid failure during summer experiment in 2013. Wageningen University and Research. https://www.wur.nl/en/article/beeswur-formic-acid-failure-during-summer-experiment-in-2013.htm.
Wilfert, L., Long, G., Leggett, H. C., Schmid-Hempel, P., Butlin, R., Martin, S. J. M. & Boots, M. (2016). Deformed wing virus is a recent global epidemic in honey bees driven by Varroa mites. Science, 351(6273), 594-597.
Yañez, O., Piot N., Dalmon, A., De Miranda, J. R., Chantawannakul, P., Panziera, D., Amiri, E., Smagghe, G., Schroeder, D. C. & Chejanovsky, N. (2020). Bee viruses: Routes of infection in Hymenoptera. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, e943, 1-22.
Zacepins, А. & Karasha, T. (2013). Application of temperature measurements for bee colony monitoring: A review. Engineering for Rural Development, 126–131.
Файлове за сваляне
Публикуван
Лиценз
Авторски права (c) 2023 Животновъдни науки
Публикация с Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
