Влияние на генотипите на CSN1 S1 върху признаците, характеризиращи качествения състав и коагулационната способност на млякото при крави – порода Българско черношарено говедо
Ключови думи :
полиморфизъм на млечните протеини, CSN1 S1, качествен състав на млякото, индивидуална коагулационна способност на кравето млякоАбстракт
Целта на настоящото изследване е да се установи влиянието на различните генотипи на
CSN1
S1
върху признаците, характеризиращи коагулационната способност на млякото и тези,
оценяващи неговото качество при крави от породата Българско черношарено говедо. За установяване на коагулационна способност и качествения състав на млякото бяха изследвани 129
индивидуални млечни проби от 129 крави от породата Българско черношарено говедо, отглеждани в 4 ферми. Млечните проби се вземаха по време на сутрешно доене без да се добавя
консервант. Включените в изследването животни са от I до IV лактация независимо от периода на лактацията. Анализът на индивидуалната коагулационна способност на млякото бе
извършен в лабораторията на Земеделски институт – Стара Загора, посредством Computerized
Renneting Metter – Polo Trade, Italy. Млякото се изследваше до 3-я час от вземането на пробата.
Генетичният полиморфизъм на млечните протеини бе определен при 129 броя тъканни проби чрез използване на PCR-RFLP анализ в лабораторията на Университета в Падуа – Италия.
Хетерозиготните животни носители на генотип BC на CSN1
S1
се характеризират с най-висока
средна млечност – 33,90 kg и най-висок процент мастни вещества в млякото – 3,43%. Установено е, че животните с генотип СС на CSN1
S1
продуцират мляко с най-бързо време за коагулиране – 14,09 min и с най – твърд коагулум – 34 mm. Установено е високо достоверно влияние
на всички средови и генетични фактори върху признака млечност (p < 0,001).
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