Genetic factors influencing rabbit breeding. An overview
Keywords:
Candidate genes, Gene expression, Genetic Variation, Polymorphism, Rabbit breedingAbstract
Rabbit breeding is a branch of animal husbandry, that provides high-quality and dieted meat.
In Bulgaria, this sector is slightly developed, regardless of the growing interest in it. Rabbits have
excellent biological abilities – early maturity, high growth intensity, high fertility, and good feed
absorption. Rabbit meat has excellent taste qualities, low cholesterol content, and a low percentage
of bones in the carcass. In Bulgaria, rabbits are raised mainly for meat. Although the industry is well
developed, rabbit meat production is in demand on the market due to its dietary properties, such as
low fat and high protein content. Most of the rabbit population in Bulgaria has consisted of White
New Zealand and California breeds, but the breeds White Giant, Belgian Giant, Chinchilla, the newly
created breed group – Veselina, and the hybrid ZIKA are also bred but in smaller populations and
mainly in private farms. The rabbit genome consists of 44 chromosomes (2n = 44). The identification
of genome regions and genes related to important phenotypic traits allows the selection of the genetic
markers linked with the trait of interest. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) contributes to choosing
animals at the early stage of breeding by improving and increasing the expected results compared to
the standard methods of selection.
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