Influence of exogenous gonadal steroids on pubertal age of hens and internal qualities of eggs
Keywords:
age, egg, hens, performance, puberty, sex steroid hormonesAbstract
Ability of egg-type chickens to start laying earlier in life is a desirable trait that commercial poultry
farmers always look forward to achieving. However, this may be delayed by some factors such as hormonal imbalance. There is a dearth of information on the use exogenous gonadal steroids to enhance
the puberty attainment among egg-type chickens and internal qualities of eggs thereof. 144, 11-weeks
old Super Black (SBL) hens and 144, 11-weeks Super Brown (SBR) hens were randomly allotted into
four hormonal treatment groups with 36 hens per group each with three replicates in a randomized
complete block design. The treatment groups are: T1 – with no hormone (NH; control), T2 – with
Estradiol (E2
) ,T3 – with Progestin (P4
) and T4 – with equal combination of estradiol and progestin
(EP). The steroids were injected intramuscularly at 5 mg per kg body weight of the hens. The experiment lasted 17 weeks during which data were collected on average daily feed intake (ADFI), hen-day
production (HDP) and mortality rate while ages at puberty and peak production were determined with
the HDP. Egg weight and some internal qualities were also measured at puberty and peak production.
Data generated were subjected to analysis of variance statistically. All parameters investigated were
significantly (P < 0.05) affected by steroidal treatment and strain. Hens (SBR) on P4
attained puberty
and peaked earlier (149.67 and 175.33 days respectively) than hens on other treatments but with the
highest mortality rate (8.33%). The weight and internal qualities of eggs were not affected by the treatments and strain. The results of this experiment suggest that exogenous gonadal steroids can be used
to enhance puberty attainment among egg-type chickens in the humid tropics with the best result with
the use of progestin.
References
Adeyinka, F. D., Adeyinka, L. A., Eduvie, L. O., Jokthan, G. E., & Orunmuyi, M. (2006). Effect of progesterone secretion on Egg production in the Grey Helmet Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris galleata). Proc. 31st Ann. Cong. Nig. Soc. for Ani. Prod. 12th -15th March 2006 Zaria: 126-130.
Alabi, O. M. (2009). Physiological Response of Eggtype Chickens to Different Intensive Housing systems and exogenous hormones.Ph.D Dissertation submitted to Department of Animal Science. University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Alabi, O. M. & Oguntunji, A. O (2011). Blood Chemistry and Performance Characteristics of Meat-Type Male Chickens in Response to Exogenous Testosterone Enanthate. International Journal of Current Research and Review;Vol.3.No(4): pp: 76-82. http://www.ijcrr.com
Attia, Y. A., Yamani, K. A., Burke, W. H. & Jensen, L.S. (1993). Daily energy allotment and reproductive performance of broiler breeder males. Poultry Science, 72(1), 42-50.
Bauman, D. E., Eisemann, J. H., & Currie, W. B. (1982, July). Hormonal effects on partitioning of nutrients for tissue growth: role of growth hormone and prolactin. In Federation proceedings (Vol. 41, No. 9, pp. 2538-2544).
Cassy, S., Metayer, S., Crochet, S., Rideau, N., Collin, A., & Tesseraud, S. (2004). Leptin receptor in the chicken ovary: potential involvement in ovarian dysfunction of ad libitum-fed broiler breeder hens. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 2(1), 72.
Choprakarn, K., Salangam, I., & Tanaka, K. (1988). Laying performance, egg characteristics and composition in indigenous hen. J. Nat.Res.Council. Thailand.30:1-17.
Coelho, J. F. S., Galbratith, H. & Topps, J. H. (1988). The effect of a combination of trenbolone acetate and n17β-oestradiol on the performance, carcass composition and blood characteristics of castrated lambs. Anim. Prod. 36:360-365.
Decuypere, E., & Buyse, J. (2005). Endocrine control of postnatal growth in poultry. The Journal of Poultry Science, 42(1), 1-13.
Egbunnike, G. N. (2002). Effect of crude inhibin on the attainment of puberty and ovarian activities in layers in the humid tropics. Proc. 7th Ann. Conf. of Anim. Sc. ASAN of Nig. (ASAN) Abeokuta 16-19 September 2002: 41-43.
Eisen, E. J., Bohren, B. B., & McKean, H. E. (1962). The Haugh unit as a measure of egg albumen quality. Poultry Science, 41(5), 1461-1468.
Etches, R. J. (1996). The ovary. In Reproduction in Poultry, Ed. R. J. Etches. Cambridge: Cab Int.: 125-166.
Ferrando, R. (1990). Methods of measuring hormone levels in animal products. In: Steroid analysis. Muskin Groner and Kirk (Eds), Lea and Ferbiger, New York.
Ghandi, R., & Snedeker, S. M. (2000). Consumer concerns about hormones in food. Fact Sheet #37. Cornell Cooperative Extension. Cornell University Program on Breast Cancer and Environmental Risk Factors in New York State.
Hansen, K. K., & Beck, M. M. (1998). Heat stress,estrogen implants and calcium uptake in duodenum of hens. Poultry report.coop ext. Univ.of Nebraska (46):70-75.
Hawkins, J. M. (1995). Puberty and Maturity: in (Joyce. Ed) The oxford mini-reference dictionary. Oxford Univ. Press: 252-327.
Hocking, P. M. (1987). Nutritional interactions with reproduction in birds. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 46(2), 217-225.
Hull, K. L., & Harvey, S. (2001). Growth hormone: roles in female reproduction. Journal of Endocrinology, 168(1), 1-23.
Joly, P. (2008). Factors that influence Egg weight: How to change it to meet market requirement. Isa Genetics. Rev. (2): 18-28.
Ladokun, A. O. (2006). Exogenous hormonal regulation of growth rate,blood chemistry and fertility in pigs. Ph. D dissertation submitted to the department.of Anim. sc. Univ.of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Liu, H. K., & Bacon, W. L. (2005). Changes in egg production rate induced by progesterone injection in broiler breeder hens. Poultry science, 84(2), 321-327.
Nakada, T., Koja, Z., & Tanaka, K. (1994). Effect of progesterone on ovulation in the hypophysectomised hen. British poultry science, 35(1), 153-156.
Nelson, J. A., Strucker, R. F., & James, R. (1978). Estrogen contents of some plants. J .Toxicol. Environ. Health, 24:325-338.
Oguntunji, A. O. (2013). Phenotypic and biochemical characterization of the Nigerian Muscovy ducks. Nigeria: Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State (Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D. Thesis).
Onagbesan, O. M., Metayer, S., Tona, K., Williams, J., Decuypere, E., & Bruggeman, V. (2006). Effects of genotype and feed allowance on plasma luteinizing hormones, follicle-stimulating hormones, progesterone, estradiol levels, follicle differentiation, and egg production rates of broiler breeder hens. Poultry science, 85(7), 1245-1258.
Pirsaraei, Z. A., Shahneh, A. Z., Zaghari, M., Zamiri, M. J., & Mianji, G. R. (2008). Effect of testosterone and growth hormone injection before puberty on follicles size, rate of egg production and egg characteristics of the Mazandaran Native breeder hens. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(17). 3149-3154
Preston, R. L. (1975). Biological responses to estrogen additives in meat producing cattle and lambs. Journal of animal science, 41(5), 1414-1430.
Rangel, P. L., Lassala, A., & Gutierrez, C. G. (2005). Testosterone immunization blocks the ovulatory process in laying hens without affecting ovarian follicular development. Animal reproduction science, 86(1-2), 143-151.
Reddy, I. J., David, C. G., & Raju, S. S. (2006). Inter sequence pause days, egg production, steroid and luteiniz-ing hormone in domestic hen (Gallous domesticus) immunized against cprolactin. International Journal of Poultry Science, 5(5), 420-427.
Roberts, J. R. (2004). Factors affecting egg internal quality and egg shell quality in laying hens. The Journal of Poultry Science, 41(3), 161-177.
Shanawany, M. M. (1982). The effect of ahemeral light and dark cycles on the performance of laying hens—(a review). World’s Poultry Science Journal, 38(2), 120-126.
Smith, A. J. (1995). Poultry. The Tropical Agriculturists. CTA. (Ed.Rene Coste). Macmillan Publisher, London.
Stephanie, M. C., Elizabeth, A.,& Johnson, P. A. (2005). Progesterone and estradiol levels and the sex of resulting egg from progesterone-induced ovulations in domestic chickens. Journal.of Animal.Science, 82: 98-102.
Sun, J. M., Richards, M. P., Rosebrough, R. W., Ashwell, C. M., McMurtry, J. P., & Coon, C. N. (2006). The relationship of body composition, feed intake, and metabolic hormones for broiler breeder females. Poultry science, 85(7), 1173-1184.
Sundlof, S. F. (1994). Human health risks associated with drug residues in animal-derived foods. Journal of Agromedicine, 1(2), 5-20.
Velle, W. (1986). Endogenous anabolic agents in farm animals. In: Anabolic agents in Anima. Prod. (Eds. F. C. Lu and J. Rendel) Environmental quality and safety supplement, vol. (5), 159-170.
Vivat, V., Cohen-Tannoudji, J., Revelli, J. P., Muzzin, P., Giacobino, J. P., Maltier, J. P., & Legrand, C. (1992). Progesterone transcriptionally regulates the beta 2-adrenergic receptor gene in pregnant rat myometrium. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 267(12), 7975-7978.
Wayne, L. B., & Liu, H. (2004). Progesterone injections induce a polycystic ovarian follicle syndrome (PCOF) in turkey hens. Proc.10thconf. on Anim. Rep.Developmen, 50-54.
Williams, J., Sharp, P. J., & Goddard, C. (1992). The Effects of Growth Hormone on Ovarian Follicular Growth in Domestic Hen. J. Reprod. Fertil, 59.
Yang, J., Long, D. W., & Bacon, W. L. (1998). Effect of exogenous progesterone on luteinizing hormone secretion in domestic turkey hens at different reproductive states. General and comparative endocrinology, 110(3), 337-345.
SAS (2004). Statistical Analysis System. Institute User’s Guide. SAS Institute, Cary, N.O.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
