Comparative evaluation of biological and integrated control of major apple pests in the Kyustendil region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61308/RDHY9822Keywords:
codling moth, apple sawfly; integrated and biological plant protection; RIMproAbstract
The study investigated the population density and fruit damage caused by the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) and the apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea Klug), and evaluated the effectiveness of integrated and biological pest management using the predictive RIMpro model based on meteorological data. The research was conducted during 2022–2024 in an apple orchard at the Institute of Agriculture – Kyustendil, including the cultivars ‘Florina’, ‘Gold resistant’, ‘Besapara’, and ‘Pinova’, grafted on MM 106 rootstock and planted at a spacing of 5 × 5 m. The onset of flight of C. pomonella and H. testudinea varied significantly depending on spring temperatures, with warmer years accelerating development and prolonging flight duration. The integrated pest management was determined as more effective against C. pomonella, while both approaches provided satisfactory control of H. testudinea when treatments were properly synchronized. The combination of pheromone traps and the RIMpro predictive model proved to be a suitable method for determining the optimal term for treatments and improved the overall efficiency of pest management measures. Additionally, the latter resulted in a significant reduction in fruit damage from the studied pests.
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