Optimization of the growing technology of determinate tomatoes, variety Kopnezh F1
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61308/JJBP1879Keywords:
Solanum lycopersicum L.; technology; productivity; mulching; fertilizationAbstract
During the period 2019-2022, was conducted a field experiment on highly leached alluvial-meadow soil, in the experimental field of the Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute - Plovdiv with determinate tomatoes, variety Kopnezh F1, medium early production. The effect of three planting schemes and two fertilization schemes using silver and black mulch on the vegetative grown and productivity of plants was studied. The aim of the study is to develop a modern technology, tailored to the biological requirements of the Kopnezh F1 variety by optimizing basic technological elements. The plants grown with the 120+40/50 cm scheme and silver foil mulching have the highest vegetative mass and total biomass (1.75 kg/plant and 5.65 kg/plant), due to the larger feeding area. The effect on these indicators is with 34.8% and 31.6% higher, respectively, compared to the control. Plants grown at intra-row spacings of 40 and 30 cm have lower values of these indicators. Both foil and the cultivation scheme significantly affect the productivity of the tomatoes. Plants fertilized with combined liquid fertilizers and using silver mulch with an intra-row spacing of 40 cm formed the largest number and weight of fruits, with an increase of 39.8% and 62.2% compared to open beds and conventional fertilization. A weaker effect on these indicators has been established when using black foil for mulch. The highest yields compared to the control variant were registered when using combined liquid fertilizers and silver mulch in all three cultivation schemes, and this was most strongly expressed at an intra-row spacing of 40 cm - 5302.4 kg/da, with an increase of 26.0%. The results for the fruit mass were also unidirectional.
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