Changes in soil microbial populations after fumigation and alternative methods to control soil-borne diseases
Keywords:
active steam; biofumigation; soil fumigationAbstract
The study was carried out in 2010 – 2012 on three farms. Soils were disinfested by chemical fumigation, biofumigation and active steam. Chemical fumigation was carried out in autumn of 2010 and 2011 with two different rates of either dazomet, metam sodium or chloropicrin + 1,3D. Steam disinfection with addition of CaO, maintaining soil temperature of about 70 ºC for 2 h, or biofumigation with Brassica carinata seeds meal were performed in spring of 2011 and 2012 at two or one locations, respectively. Soil bacteria and fungi populations were assessed 4 weeks after the treatments. All chemical treatments and steam disinfection caused a significant decrease of the total number of fungi in comparison to control, while biofumigation induced an increase of total soil fungi. The total number of bacteria generally increased by the chemical fumigation with all tested products in all soils. The bacteria population was not changed or increased, depending on the season, by active steam treatment, whereas it was 3-fold decreased by biofumigation, in comparison to not disinfected soil. In conclusion, the applied disinfection techniques modified the populations of soil microorganisms irrespective of the characteristics of the soil.
References
Barberi, P., Moonen, A. C., Peruzzi, A., Fontanelli, M. and Raffaelli, M. 2009. Weed suppression by soil steaming in combination with activating compounds. Weed Research, 49, 55-66
Colla, P., Gilardi, G. and Gullino, M. L. 2012. A review and critical analysis of the European situation of soilborne disease management in the vegetable sector. Phytopara sitica, 40, 515-523
Duniway, J. M. 2005. Alterntives to methyl bromide for strawberry production in California, USA. Acta Horticulturae, 698, 27-32
Martin, J. P. 1950. Use of acid, rose bengales and strep tomycin in the plate method for estimating soil fungi. Soil Sci ence, 69, 215-233
Mazzola, M. and Strauss, S. L. 2013. Resilience of or chard replant soils to pathogen re-infestation in response to Brassicaceae seed meal amendment. Aspects of Applied Biology, 119, 69-77
Mumford, J. D. 2002. Economic issues related to quarantine in international trade. European Review of Agri cultural Economy, 29, 329-348
Nederpel, L. 1979. Soil sterilization and pasteurization, in: Mulder, D. (Ed.), Soil Disinfestation. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, NL, p. 29-38
Oloo, G., Aguyoh, J. N., Tunya, G. O. and Ombiri, O. J. 2011. Management of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. rosae using metham sodium, dazomet and Brasica biofumigants in greenhouse rose (Rosa spp.) production. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 6, 2, 10-16
Slusarski, C. and Pietr, S. 2009. Combined application of dazomet and Trichoderma asperellum as an efficient alter native to methyl bromide in controlling the soil-borne disease complex of bell pepper. Crop Protection, 28, 8, 668-674
Tesi, R., Gelsomino, A., Baldi, A., Lenzi, A. and Peru zzi, A. 2007. Soil disinfection with steam alone or combined with CaO in a greenhouse radish crop. Advances in Horticul tural Science, 21, 75-82
Triolo, E., Materazzi, A. and Luvisi, A. 2004. Exother mic reactions and steam for the management of soil-borne pathogens: five years of research. Advances in Horticultural Science, 2, 89-94
Tsror, L. (Lahkim), Shlevin, E. and Peretz-Alon, I. 2006. Efficacy of metam sodium for controlling Verticillium dahliae prior to potato production in sandy soils. Americal Journal of Potato Research, 82, 419-423
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
