Preplant Preparation Impact for Establishment of Plum Plantations on Reproductive Manifestations of Trees in Fruit Bearing Period in Years of Extreme Droughts

Abstract

The researches were conducted with Čačanska lepotica cultivar. It is grown in Troyan region where it shows very good development and fruit bearing. The cultivar has a short juvenile period, as it forms blossoms in the second year since planting. The flowering is medium early and it passes 3 – 4 days before this of Stanley. The fruits, in most cases under conditions of Troyan, start ripening at the end of the first ten-days of August. In favourable climate conditions, it forms large fruits with a weight of 37.5 g and an attractive appearance. In years of extreme droughts, at the time of fruit growing bigger and ripening, they remain small with poor appearance. The purpose of the present study is to determine the influence, of pre-planting preparation for the creation of plum plantation, on the damage force from the lack of moisture on fruit quality. The researches were conducted in two plantations established on different technologies. In the first plantation, the trees are planted in soil pits, and in the second one according to the trench method of Prof. Dinkova. Because of prolonged drought in 2012, 90% of fruits from the first plantation had a weight of 15.2 – 23.5 g (35% with a weight of 15.2 g), and in the second plantation established according to the trench method 80% of fruits had a weight of 37.9 g.