Einkorn wheat: origin, importance and application in breeding programs (а review)
Keywords:
breeding purposes; einkorn; Triticum boeoticum; Triticum monococcum; Triticum sinskajaeAbstract
This review includes an information for the origin, practical importance and application of einkorn wheat in breeding programs. The following main issues are considered: Origin of hulled and naked einkorn wheats; News item on the location of genes responsible for various morphological and agronomic traits in T. monococcum and T. sinskajae; Breeding characteristics; Resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors; Application in improvement programs of wheat, triticale and rye. Genetic and breeding approaches are sought in the direction of better spike threshing in cultivated diploid wheat. The naked einkorn Т. sinskajae, known yet as “Sinskaya wheat” whose native origin dated from the hulled einkorn, is an interesting plant source for wheat breeding as well as for the dilletant-growers and experts in bread-making products.
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