Analysis on some qualitative traits of Bulgarian triticale cultivars
Keywords:
lysine; protein; quality; triticale; yieldAbstract
In order to identify the triticale genotypes, which combine high productivity with qualitative traits, eleven Bulgarian cultivars were studied during three contrasting periods. Protein content in grain, lysine content and protein yield were assessed. Based on the suggested biplot method, the genotypes were determined, which were characterized by values of protein and lysine content above the average of the studied set of cultivars. A 3D-method is suggested for determining of the best combinations of yield with protein and lysine content. The obtained results showed that the variation of the protein content, averaged for the period of study, was comparatively low – between 10.16 and 11.58 %. Between the separate growing periods, however, significant differences were observed – from 8.06 to 12.83 %. With regard to lysine content, a rather different tendency was observed. The world standard Presto was with the lowest values, and Atila – with the highest. No significant correlation was found between protein content and grain yield and between lysine content and grain yield. The best combination of protein content with grain yield was observed in cultivars Vihren, Rakita, Atila and Bumerang. A good combination of grain yield with lysine content was registered only in cultivars Atila and Bumerang. In cultivar Atila, the best combination of yield, protein content and lysine content was found. Such results showed that cultivars Atila and Bumerang were valuable initial material for improvement of the protein and lysine content in the breeding program of triticale in Bulgaria.
References
Abdelkawi, R. N., Shtuklina, O. A., Ermolenko, O. I., & Solovyev, A. A. (2020). Stability and plasticity of the spring triticale genotypes in yield and grain quality. Аgrarnyi nauchyi zhurnal, (4), 4-9 (Ru).
Alaru, M., Laur, Ü., & Jaama, E. (2003). Influence of nitrogen and weather conditions on the grain quality of winter triticale. Agronomy Research, 1(1), 3-10.
Boros, D., Ploch, M., & Gruszecka, D. (2010). Possibility of utilization of two Aegilops sp. to enhance the nutritive value of triticale. J. Anim. Feed Sci, 19(4), 628-637.
Baboev, S., Doschanov, J., Khamraev, N., & Allabergenova, Z. (2020). Amino acidic composition of triticale varieties grown in the condition of Khorezm region. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(5), 358-361.
Brandt, D. A., Brand, T. S., & Cruywagen, C. W. (2000). The use of crude protein content to predict concentrations of lysine and methionine in grain harvested from selected cultivars of wheat, barley and triticale grown in the Western Cape region of South Africa. South African Journal of Animal Science, 30(1), 22-25.
Burešová, I., Sedláčková, I., Faměra, O., & Lipavský, J. (2010). Effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch. Plant, Soil and Environment, 56(3), 99-104.
Cohen J. B. (1910). Practical Organic Chemistry.
Doka, G. (2013). 3D scatter plot for MS Excel. https://www.doka.ch/Excel3Dscatterplot.htm
Dumbravă, M., Ion, V., Epure, L. I., Băşa, A. G., Ion, N., & Duşa, E. M. (2016). Grain yield and yield components at triticale under different technological conditions. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 10, 94-103.
Goyal A., Beres, B. L., Randhawa, H. S., Navabi, A., Salmon, D. F. & Eudes, F. (2011).Yield stability analysis of broadlyadaptive triticale germplasm in southern and central Alberta, Canada for industrial end-use suitability. Can. J. Plant Sci, 91, 125-135.
Gulmezoglu, N., & Aytac, Z. (2010). Response of grain and protein yields of triticale varieties at different levels of applied nitrogen fertilizer. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(18), 2563-2569.
Gulmezoglu, N., Alpu, O., & Ozer, E. (2010). Comparative performance of triticale and wheat grains by using path analysis. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 16(4), 443-453.
Jaśkiewicz, B., & Szczepanek, M. (2018). Amino acids content in triticale grain depending on meteorological, agrotechnical and genetic factors. Research for Rural Development, 2, 28-34.
Kendal, E., & Sayar, M. S. (2016). The stability of some spring triticale genotypes using biplot analysis. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 26(3), 754-756.
Kizilgeçi, F. (2019). Assessment of yield and quality of some Triticale genotypes in South-Eastern Anatolia. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 9(1), 545-551.
Langó, B., Jaiswal, S., Bóna, L., Tömösközi, S., Ács, E., & Chibbar, R. N. (2018). Grainconstituents and starch characteristics influencing in vitro enzymatic starch hydrolysis in Hungarian triticale genotypes developed for food consumption. Cereal chemistry, 95(6), 861-871.
Lestingi, A., Bovera, F., De Giorgio, D., Ventrella, D., & Tateo, A. (2010). Effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilisation on triticale grain yield, chemical composition and nutritive value. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(14), 2440-2446.
Mikhailouskaya, N., & Bogdevitch, I. (2009). Effect of biofertilizers on yield and quality of long-fibred flax and cereal grains. Agronomy Research, 7(Special issue I), 412-418.
Muhova, A. & Dobreva, S. (2020). Protein, Lysine and Methionine Content In The Grain Of Triticale Grown Under Organic System. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, LXIII, 2, 158-164.
Museiko, А. S. & Sysoev, А. F. (1970). Determining lysine in grain. Proceedings of VASHNIL, 8-12.
Navarro-Contreras, A. L., Chaires-González, C. F., Rosas-Burgos, E. C., Borboa-Flores, J., Wong-Corral, F. J., Cortez-Rocha, M. O., & Cinco-Moroyoqui, F. J. (2014). Comparison of protein and starch content of substituted and complete triticales (X Triticosecale Wittmack): Contribution to functional properties. International Journal of Food Properties, 17(2), 421-432.
Neuweiler, J. E., Maurer, H. P., & Würschum, T. (2021). Genetic architecture of phenotypic indices for simultaneous improvement of protein content and grain yield in triticale (× Triticosecale). Plant Breeding, 140(2), 232-245.
Ozturk, İ., Kahraman, T., Remzi, A. V. C. I., Sahinde, S. I. L. I., Kilic, T. H., & Tulek, A. (2019). Evaluation of yield and some agro-morphological characters of triticale genotypes in Trakya region. Ekin Journal of Crop Breeding and Genetics, 5(1), 14-23.
Peña, R. J. (2004). Food uses of triticale. Triticale improvement and production, 37-48.
Rapp, M., Lein, V., Lacoudre, F., Lafferty, J., Müller, E., Vida, G., Bozhanova, V., Ibraliu, A., Thorwarth, P., Piepho, H. P., Leiser, W. L., Würschum, T. & Longin, C. F. H. (2018). Simultaneous improvement of grain yield and protein content in durum wheat by different phenotypic indices and genomic selection. Theoretical and applied genetics, 131(6), 1315-1329.
Ruckman, J. E., Zscheile Jr, F. P., & Qualset, C. O. (1973). Protein, lysine, and grain yields of triticale and wheat as influenced by genotype and location. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 21(4), 697-700.
Saed-Moucheshi, A., Razi, H., Dadkhodaie, A., Ghodsi, M., & Dastfal, M. (2019). Association of biochemical traits with grain yield in triticale genotypes under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 13(2), 272-281.
Salehi, M. & Arzani, A. (2013). Grain quality traits in triticale influenced by field salinity stress. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(5), 580-587.
Stankiewicz, C., Gruszecka, D., Steć, E., Mitrus, J., Walo, P., & Kamecki, M. (2003). Effect of interaction of parental components on the content of protein and amino acids in triticale grain. EJPAU.–2003, 6(2).
Stoyanov, H., & Baychev, V. (2018). Tendencies in the yield and its components of the Bulgarian varieties of triticale, grown under contrasting conditions of the environment. Rastenievadni Nauki/Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science, 55(3), 16-26.
Tababtabaei, S. A., & Ranjbar, G. H. (2012). Effect of different levels of nitrogen and potassium on grain yield and protein of triticale. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 3(2), 390-393.
Tohver, M., Kann, A., Täht, R., Mihhalevski, A., & Hakman, J. (2005). Quality of triticale cultivars suitable for growing and bread - making in northern conditions. Food Chemistry, 89(1), 125-132.
Ukalska, J., & Kociuba, W. (2013). Phenotypical diversity of winter triticale genotypes collected in the Polish gene bank between 1982 and 2008 with regard to major quantitative traits. Field Crops Research, 149, 203-212.
Widodo, A. E., Nolan, J. V., & Iji, P. A. (2015). The nutritional value of new varieties of high-yielding triticale: Nutrient composition and in vitro digestibility. South African Journal of Animal Science, 45(1), 60-73.
Wojtkowiak, K., Stpie, A., Taska, M., Konopka, I., & Konopka, S. (2013). Impact of nitrogen fertilization on the yield and content of protein fractions in spring triticale grain. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(28), 3778-3783.
Wojtkowiak, K., Stępień, A., Warechowska, M., & Markowska, A. (2015). Effect of nitrogen fertilization method on the yield and quality of Milewo variety spring triticale grain. Pol. J. Natur. Sc, 30(2), 173-184.
Wozniak, A., & Soroka, M. (2014). Effects of a 3-year reduced tillage on the yield and quality of grain and weed infestation of spring triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack). International Journal of Plant Production, 8(2), 231-242.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Bulgarian Journal of Crop Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
