Influence of predecessor on the phytosanitary status and the productivity of common and durum wheat in organic farming
Keywords:
organic farming; common and durum wheat; predecessors; yield; weed infestation; insectsAbstract
During the period 2015-2017, in the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat, in field certified organic farming is conducted field experience. Common and durum wheat are sown after chickpea, lentil, potatoes and pumpkins. The aim is to study the influence of predecessors on the phytosanitary status and productivity of crops in organic farming. When growing common and durum wheat in the field of organic farming, the level of weed infestation varies depending on the predecessors. It is lowest after chickpea and lentil and rises after potatoes and pumpkins. In the highest density the pests are observed after the predecessors - chickpea and lentil. The number of pests in common wheat is much higher than in durum wheat. In the case of ordinary wheat variety Miryana, the grain yield depends on 82.13% of the years of cultivation and 16.78% of the predecessors. In the case of durum wheat, the grain yield depends on 83.28% of the year conditions and on 14.75% of the predecessors. The predecessors in the organic crop rotation do not affect the hectoliter mass of the grain in Miryana common wheat and Predel durum wheat. The content of crude protein and wet gluten in the grain is very low and varies slightly depending on the conditions of the year and the predecessor, with a tendency to rise slightly after chickpea and lentil.
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