ALLELOPATHIC ACTIVITY OF CREEPING THISTLE WATER EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION AND EARLY GROWTH OF WINTER WHEAT
Keywords:
Allelopathy, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop, grain, radicle, seedling, Triticum aestivum L, weedAbstract
Allelopathic activity of creeping thistle Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. over-ground and rootstock biomass water extracts affects
winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. grain germination and early growth. Separately grinded 75 g of creeping thistle overground
part and rootstocks was stirred into 750 mL of distilled water and left for 24 hours at a room temperature. Filtered water
extract was taken as a stock solution. Stock solution was applied in two, five and ten fold dilution. Winter wheat grain germination
was suppressed increasing concentration of Cirsium arvense water extracts while at low concentrations it slightly stimulated
grain germination. Cirsium arvense over-ground part was more phytotoxic to the winter wheat grain germination than
its rootstock stock solution. Recipient plant concentration (number of winter wheat grains) per Petri dish had no significant P
> 0.05 influence on grain germination intensity. Increase of Cirsium arvense water extracts concentration led to winter wheat
radicle length decline while seedling growth was suppressed sustaining longer one (except stock solution) than in control treatment
of distilled water. Cirsium arvense rootstock water extracts were more phytotoxic to winter wheat seedling and radicle
early growth than its over-ground part water extracts while winter wheat radicle as well seedling length was shorter applying
Cirsium arvense rootstock than its over-ground part water extracts. Increase in concentration of Cirsium arvense regularly
increased winter wheat seedling and radicle ratio from 0.87-0.98 to 2.84-3.38 (over-ground water extracts) and from 0.69-0.90
to 4.48-5.94 (rootstock water extracts), describing change from relatively more intensive radicle to seedling growth.
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