SPECIES COMPOSITION AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE HARMFUL INSECT FAUNA (HEMIPTERA: CICADOMORPHA, FULGOROMORPHA AND STERNORRHYNCHA) OF WINTER TRITICALE
Keywords:
Winter triticale, Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha, Aphididae, population dynamics, sowing dateAbstract
The aim of the present investigation was to identify the hemipteran pests of suborder Sternorrhyncha (family Aphididae) and suborders Cicadomorpha, and Fulgoromorpha, on winter triticale Vihren variety and examine the population dynamics of the dominant species during the spring/summer vegetation period in relation to the sowing date and the climatic conditions. The study was carried out during the period 2011–2013 on the experimental fields on four plots of 0.25 ha. Two plots were sown with triticale in September (early sowing) and October (late sowing) each year. A total of 3 species of family Aphididae, 10 species of Cicadomorpha and 1 species of Fulgoromorpha were found in the crop. Sitobion avenae, Philaenus spumarius, Psammotettix provincialis, P. striatus and P. alienus were the most abundant. The abundance of Sitobion avenae was statistically mhigher in the crop sown in September and can be forecasted using the percentage of attacked stems. The variations in the abundance of Cicadomorpha and Flugoromorpha during the spring vegetation period were more dependent on the climatic conditions than on the sowing date.
References
Blackman, R. L. and V. F. Eastop, 2000. Aphids on the World’s Crops. An identification information guide, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, England, 466 pp.
Dixon, A. F. G., 1987. Cereal aphids as an applied problem. Agricultural Zoology Reviewer, 2: 1–57.
Entwistle, J. C. and A. F. G. Dixon, 1987.Short-term forecasting of wheat yield loss caused by the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) in summer. Annals of Applied Biology, 111: 489–508.
doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1987.tb02007.x
Grigorov, S., 1980. Aphids and Their Control. Zemizdat, Sofi a, Bulgaria, 283 pp. (Bg).
Hinz, B., 1985. Triticale as a host plant for the large cereal aphid (Macrosiphum avenae (F.)), Nachrichtenblatt für den Pflanzenschutz in der DDR, 39 (11): 236.
Hinz, B., 1987. Occurrence of cereal aphids on triticale and their damaging effects. Nachrichtenblatt für den Pflanzenschutz in der DDR, 41 (7): 146–149.
Kakol, E., J. Starczewski and R. Mietkiewski, 1996. Occurrence of aphids, thrips and cereal leaf beetles on the winter and spring triticale. Plant Breeding and Seed Science, 40 (1–2): 163–166.
Kenngedy, T. F. and J. Connery, 2001. Barley yellow dwarf virus in winter barley in Ireland: yield loss and timing of autumn aphicides in controlling the MAV-strain. Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 40: 55–70.
Kennedy, T. F. and J. Connery, 2005. Grain yield reductions in spring barley due to barley yellow dwarf virus and aphid feeding. Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 44: 111–128.
Kopaneva, L., 1980. Identifi cation key of the harmful and beneficial insects and mites on cereal crops in the Russian Federations, Kolos, Petersburg, 335 pp. (Ru).
Krusteva, H., 1995. A study on the population dynamics of hoppers (Auchenorrhyncha, Homoptera) on wheat and barley in Sofi a region. Acta Entomologica Bulgarica, 1: 42–49 (Bg).
Krusteva, H., 2008. Effects of the sowing term of winter barley on the species composition and density of aphids (Aphidinea: Heteroptera) in the autumn vegetation period. In the Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium Ecology - Sustainable Development, Vratsa, Oct, 23–25, Bulgaria, p. 319–323 (Bg).
Krusteva, H. and O. Karadjova, 2011. Impact of triticale crop sowing date on the insect species composition and damage caused. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 17 (4): 411–416.
Krusteva, H., V. Krumov and O. Karadjova, 2013. Species composition of insect pests on winter triticale during the spring and summer growth stages of the crop. In the Proceedings of the Fourth Scientific Symposium Agrosym 2013, Jahorina, October, 3-6, Bosna and Herzegovina, p. 559–564.
doi: 10.7251/AGSY1303559K
Krusteva, H. and V. Pelov, 1995. Major pest species of hoppers in wheat and barley. Plant Protection, 7: 23–25 (Bg).
Larsson, H., 2005. A crop loss model and economic thresholds for the grain aphid Sitobion avenae (F.) in winter wheat in southern Sweden. Crop Protection, 24: 397–405.
doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2004.08.011
Lindsten, K. and J. Vacke, 1991. A possible barley-adapted strain of wheat dwarf virus (WDV). Acta Phytopath. et Entomol. Hung., 26: 175–180.
Logvinenko, V. N., 1973. Cicada-Auchenorrhyncha. In: V. P. Vsilev (Eds.) Pests in Agricultural Crops and Forests, Yield, Kiev, 1: 190– 207 (Ru).
Manurung, B., W. Witsack, S. Mehner, M. Grüntzig and E. Fuchs, 2005. Studies on biology and population dynamics of the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus Dahlb. (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha) as vector of Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Zeitschrift für Pfl anzenkrankheiten und Pfl anzenschutz/ Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 112 (5): 497–507.
McGrath, P. F. and J. S. Bale, 1990. The effect of sowing date and choice of insecticide on cereal aphids and barley yellow dwarf virus epidemiology in northern England. Ann. App. Biol., 117 (1).31-43. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1990.tb04192.x
Mihailova, P., F. Straka and I. Apostolov, 1982. Plant Protection Prognosis and Signalization. Zemizdat, Sofi a, Bulgaria, 342 pp. (Bg).
NIMH, 2012/2013. Bulletin of Hydrometeorology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, BAS. http://www.meteo.bg/sites/storm.cfd.meteo.bg.meteo/fi les/Bulletin.pdf. (last accessed on March, 3th, 2015).
Pelov, V. and H. Krusteva, 1993. Species composition of leaf hoppers (Auchenorrhyncha, Homoptera) on wheat and barley in the region of Sofia. In: Proceedings of the Second Conference of Entomology, October 25–27, Sofia, p. 108–113 (Bg).
Politiko, P. M., M. N. Parigina, A. A Volpe and A. A. Prokopenko, 2008. Protection of winter cereals in the autumn. Plant Protection &Plant Quarantine, Moscow, 8: 20–22 (Ru).
Popov, C., S. Raranciuc and L. Cană, 2007. Measures to prevent and control the diseases and pests in wheat, rye and triticale recommended in autumn of 2007. Probleme de Protecţia Plantelor, Bucharest, 35 (2): 33–40 (Ro).
Prohorova, S., V. Тerechuk and А. Nemkovich, 2000. Phytosanitary status of triticale sowings. Bulletin of Agrarian Scientific Academy of Republic Belarus, 2: 51–56 (Ru).
Saponari, M., G. Loconsole, D. Cornara, R. K. Yokomi, A. D. Stradis, D. Boscia, D. Bosco, G. P. Martelli, R. C. Krugnerand F. Porcelli, 2014. Infectivity and transmission of Xylella fastidiosa by Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) in Apulia, Italy. Journal of Economic Entomology, 107: 1316–1319.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/EC141421316-1319
Smatas, R., 2006. The occurrence and control of aphids and thrips in winter triticale. Agronomy Research, 4: 379–383. Southwood, T. and P. Henderson, 2000. Ecological Methods. 3rd ed., Blackwell Science, 575 pp.
Zadoks, J. C., T. T. Change and C. R. Konzak, 1974. A decimal code for the growth stage of cereals. Weed Resеarch, 14 (6): 415–421. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1974.tb01084.x
Walters, K. F. A. and A. M. Dewar, 1986. Overwintering strategy and the timing of the spring migration of the cereal aphids Sitobion avenae and Sitobion fragariae. Journal of Applied Ecology, 23: 905–915.
Wangai, A. W., R. T. Plumb and H. F. van Emden, 2000. Effect of sowing date and insecticides on cereal aphid populations and barley yellow dwarf virus on barley in Kenya. Journal of Phytopathology, 148 (1): 33–37. doi:10.1046/j.1439-0434.2000.00406.x
Wiktelius, S. and B. S. Ekbom, 1985. Aphids in spring sown cereals in central Sweden. Abundance and distribution 1980-1983. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 100: 8–16. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1985.tb02749.x
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
