COMPARING RICE FARMING APPERANCE OF DIFFERENT AGROECOSYSTEM IN SOUTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA
Keywords:
land typology, rice, farm size, productivity, incomeAbstract
Rice field farming is carried out by farmers on various land typologies, and the most common rice fields are called as technical irrigation, tidal and fresh water swamp land. This study aimed to analyze the existing condition and utilization of land resources owned by farmers, land productivity and farm household income on different land typology. Besides analyzing the relationship between economic and non-economic variables in a rice farming system, this research is also enriched with analysis on different land typology. The results showed that rice fi elds showing good to less irrigated system are technical irrigation; tidal (its water system influenced by tidal water) and fresh water swamp (strongly determined by rainfall and river water) respectively. The average area of tidal rice fi elds cultivated by farmers (2.88 ha) is higher than fresh water swamp rice fi elds (0.88 ha) and technical irrigation (0.56 ha). Most of farmers have increased their owned area by buying new land. The number of gurem farmers (cultivated land less than 0.5 ha) in technical irrigation rice fields were more than gurem farmers in other ricefi elds. The better rice fields are technical irrigation, the better cultivation techniques are applied and the higher cropping index was found, the better the productivity level of rice fields was achieved. The productivity of technical irrigation ricefi elds was not much different from the tidal rice fields, but much higher than Fresh Water Swamp rice fields. Rice farming in tidal areas is more mechanically cultivated, which has caused ability of farmers to cultivate wider land and more efficient rice farming. Income of farmers describing economic efficiency in tidal areas was higher than those of technical irrigation and fresh water swamp farmers. The higher household income was determined, the greater income contribution from on-farm activities was found. The greater income from off-farm activities was earned, and the less number of poor farmers was identified.
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